Using the Spanish Verb Traer

Although the very common Spanish verb traer is the one most often used to translate the English verb to bring, it is also used in a wide variety of other situations. Keep in Mind Traer most commonly conveys the idea of bringing, either literally or figuratively.Traer can refer to causing a result. It can also mean the wearing of clothing.Traer is irregularly conjugated. Traer Meaning To Bring Here are some examples of traer meaning bring: El cartero me trajo el iPad. (The letter carrier brought me the iPad.)Hoy te traemos la à ºltimas noticias de la guerra. (Today we are bringing you the latest news about the war.)Cada semana Pablo me trae flores. (Pablo brings me flowers every week).Trà ¡igame un cafà © sin leche. (Bring me a coffee without milk.) Often, traer carries a meaning similar to bring but is best translated in another way: Por ese motivo te traigo algunos consejos. (That is why Im giving you some advice.)Esta cà ¡mara no trae flash. (This camera doesnt have flash.)El libro trae los mapas mà ¡s actualizados de Argentina. (The book has the most current maps of Argentina.)Esto me trae felicidad en el mà ¡s profundo sentido. (This makes me happy in the deepest sense.)La meditacià ³n diaria te traerà ¡ paz y claridad. (Daily meditation will give you peace and clarity.)Una tarde lluviosa nos traerà ­a recuerdos de infancia. (A afternoon rain had us reminiuscing about our childhood.) Traer With Other Meanings As sometimes does the word bring, traer can also mean to cause, especially when referring to difficulties: Beber en exceso me trae muchos problemas. (Drinking too much causes me many problems.)El asma trae dificultad para respirar. (Asthma causes difficulty in breathing.)Todo esa situacià ³n me he traà ­do una enfermedad gastrointestinal. (This whole situation has given me a gastrointestinal illness.) When used with articles of clothing and similar personal effects, traer can mean to wear:  ¿Por quà © Mickey Mouse no trae camisa? (Why doesnt Mickey Mouse wear a shirt?)A veces traigo lentes tipo motociclista. (Sometimes I wear motorcycle goggles.)No me gusta traer los zapatos sin calcetines. (I dont like wearing shoes without socks.) Using the Reflexive Traerse Finally, in the reflexive form, traerse sometimes indicates what is happening with the subject of the verb:  ¿Quà © se trae tu familia? (Whats going on with your family? Whats your family up to?)Me parece que Netflix no funciona.  ¿Quà © se traerà ¡? (It appears to me that Netflix isnt working. What could be going on?) Phrases Using Traer Traer is used in numerous phrases and idioms. Here are some of the most common: traà ©rsela floja (to be indifferent) — Me la trae floja a todos aquellos que me bloqueen. (I couldnt care less about all of those who block me.)traer a colacià ³n (to bring up a subject) — Este caso trajo a colacià ³n la importancia de verificar los aviones antes de ser abordados. (The case brought up the importance of testing the planes before they are boarded.)traer a la luz (to reveal or bring to light) — El caso trajo a la luz un problema que tiene profundas raà ­ces en la polà ­tica mexicana. (The case brought to light a problem that has deep roots in Mexican politics.)trael al caso (to bear or keep in mind) — Traigamos al caso las palabras de nuestros padres. (Lets keep in mind the words of our parents.)traer de cabeza (to figuratively cause a headache) — Esta tableta es atractiva, pero va a traer de cabeza a la hora de repararlo. (This tablet is attractive, but it will cause a headache when it needs to be repaired.)traer loco (to drive crazy) —  ¡Esta computadora me trae loco! (This computer is driving me crazy!)traer prisa (to be in a hurry) — Por favor, trata de llegar lo mà ¡s rà ¡pido que puedas. Traigo prisa. (Please, try to arrive as soon as you can. Im in a hurry.)   Conjugation of Traer Like nearly all of the most-used verbs, traer is irregularly conjugated. In many cases, a g or j is used in the ending. Some of the most common irregular forms are: I bring is traigo.The present participle or gerund is trayendo.The past participle is traà ­do.The present subjunctive follows the pattern traigas, traiga, traiga, etc.The preterite follows the pattern traje, trajiste, trajo, etc.Imperative forms include traiga usted and traigan ustedes.

Cinderella Is Just Like Many Other Stories That Talks...

Cinderella is just like many other stories that talks about love many Cinderella stories have fables in them that give us a different moral for love. They can either tell us how lying tends to lead us to difficult love situation and too loose what we gained from keeping a certain thing with us. Cinderella does teach us most of the time that they are boundaries to when your true love appears in your life but at the end you’ll will find a way to be together no matter what come in between their love. In the movie Another Cinderella story the story is over a girl name Mary that when she is a little girl she loses her mom and has to stay by herself with her dad. Her dad then marries Dominique who has two daughters’ Britt and Bree. Dominique makes Mary her servant after her dad passes away. Mary is a great dancer but is unavailable to attend most of the school dances do to the fact that she has to clean up. But on one night in the costume dance she is able to sneak out and attend the party. There she dances with Joey Parker but as they dance she requests an especial song that when the clock hits 12 she isn’t able to get back because she has to be home before Dominique arrives. Joey at the end of the night gets the mp3 player and with help of it he chooses the three most popular songs that help him find the girl he dance with. Mary when she finds out tries to tell Joey she owns the mp3 player then Mary step sisters find out and try to get the songs listed. When they ha ve the songsShow MoreRelatedCinderella Character Analysis1310 Words   |  6 Pagesindividual thoughts towards Cinderella and the way the Cinderella character has changed over time. In Yolen’s America’s Cinderella, she describes the change in the Cinderella character which Disney has made into a wimp. In Poniewozik’s The Princess Paradox, he describes the change from the typical Disney princess, to the newer princesses. 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Threats to America Free Essays

The conclusion of the Cold War inevitably surfaced gaps for the U.S. homeland security strategies. We will write a custom essay sample on Threats to America or any similar topic only for you Order Now The attacks on 9/11 emerged a new security apprehension that involved terrorist groups who pose distorted threats to the U.S. Failures in intelligence due to events such as the Boston marathon bombing, WikiLeaks, and the first attempt at Osama Bin Laden’s demise increase the need for concrete countrywide strategies, organized information databases, stricter punishments for criminals that breach security, and clear knowledge of intelligence policies and protocols. The Economic Espionage Act of 1996 was passed in attempts to protect U.S. information and trade secrets (Uhrich, 2001). Despite its enactment twenty-two years ago, America is in the midst of monetary surveillance. All U.S. technology is vulnerable and at risk. The current deterrence efforts are not enough to refrain the enemy and although America has inadequacies in privacy, other nations haven’t developed a successful model either. The information revolution has brought forth a major climate change within the last 10 years. Government agencies, militaries, law enforcement intelligence agencies, terrorists, hackers and criminals are on the net prowling information. Cyber espionage and criminal and foreign intelligence surveillance has gone into high gear post 9/11 due to the threats towards National Security being multifaceted and complex. Good intelligence is needed to meet the challenges in real time. In modern day society it seems like privacy no longer exists. The root of privacy was established since America’s declaration of Independence (Barr, 2015). During that time there was no telling how much everything in America would evolve, especially with technology. The accessibility of technology today is endless, especially with surveillance. The sharing of information is very constant and technology is assisting the world with connecting in manners that most are unfamiliar with. Privacy is becoming more dynamic today because of the new developments linked with technology. The similarities of interests between victims and international surveillance/cyber espionage provides an outlet in developing better protection in privacy within the cyber realm (Banks, 2014). With the advancement in technology the threats of espionage will continue to increase. Although the nation is underprepared for the vulnerabilities, there are numerous elucidations to conquer the breaching of privacy and security matters. The mutual groundwork relies on international cooperation as well as international legal agenda that fits the understanding of everyone involved. How to cite Threats to America, Papers

SMEs Presentation and Disclosure Requirements †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the SMEs Presentation and Disclosure Requirements. Answer: Introduction The primary purpose of the current research is to deliver insight into recent developments in different issues of financial accounting and aims to concentrate on the overall influence of the international financial reporting standards on small as well as medium sized enterprises (SMEs). In essence, this current research provides a modern-day evaluation of the overall successes and difficulties of adoption of IFRS by SMEs. The International Accounting Standards Board has particularly followed a very strong schedule in current years in order to a formulate a simplified set of International Financial Reporting Standards for specifically non-publicly liable small as well as medium sized enterprises (SMEs). Essentially, IFRS for particularly SMEs declared during the year 2009 was draw from the entire IFRS with considerably condensed recognition and measurement rules. In the records of accounting regulation setting procedures of the IASB, directives of IFRS for particularly SMEs was essentially the first ever set of directives that were designed for small as well as medium sized business concerns. Basically, IFRS regulations for SMEs has received great deal of attention and different accounting regulatory units counting IASB are always monitoring the process of adoption and the execution of the regulation throughout the world. Particularly, small as well as medium enterprises play a crucial role in economic as well as social development in both developed and developing nations. However, it can be observed that the segment of small and medium sized business concerns can be considered as the largest provider of employment in several nations, specifically from the perspective of employment generation. Moreover, the contribution of diverse SMEs to specifically economic output, innovation, strategy and technological advancements is also widely identified. However, the IASB presents the view that the adoption of IFRS for small as well as medium sizes business concerns can certainly augment the accessibility of the SMEs to international finance by means of utilization of harmonizes and at the same time superior quality financial information. Thus, this switch over can be considered to be a major step forward for SMEs in case if the perceived advantages are aptly identified by nations. The notions of worldwide convergence of accounting standards dates back to the year 1950s that is during the time when the economic assimilation as well as cross border trading started to flourish post the second world war (Hellman et al., 2015). The primary aim of the current research is to undertake a detailed evaluation of the conceptual as well as practical concerns associated to convergence of IFRS for different SMEs and to recommend feasible ways to resolve the issues (Kajter Nienhaus, 2017). The objectives of the research is To analytically evaluate IFRS for particularly SMEs counting the development as well as implementation procedure of the directives and to present thorough insight into the process of assumption of IFRS for particularly SMEs. To critically assess whether financial accountants are capable of distinguishing between different principles of recognition as well as measurement of full IFRS and that of the IFRS regulations for SMEs at the time of exercising judgements (Valentinetti et al., 2016). To critically analyse the overall influence of the reduced directions and regulations of IFRS for particularly SMEs on the specialized judgement of accountants. To examine perceptions of users regarding effectiveness of financial assertions that are prepared and presented in conformation with regulations of IFRS for particularly SMEs. What is the impact of IFRS for mainly SMEs taking into consideration the development as well as implementation procedure of the directives? Can the financial accountants distinguish between different principles of recognition and measurement of specifically full IFRS and from that of the IFRS regulations for mainly SMEs at the time of carrying out judgements? What are the impacts of the reduced directions as well as directives of IFRS for particularly SMEs on the specific judgement of accountants? What are the perceptions of different users regarding usefulness of financial assertions that are prepared and presented in compliance with directives of IFRS for mainly SMEs? The current section elucidates in detail prior literature that helps in explaining development of IFRS for small and medium sized enterprises, certain IFRS provisions for small as well as medium sized enterprises. In addition to this, this segment also helps in understanding the implementation of IFRS for SMEs in diverse nations, theoretical framework, and emerging matters in the process of IFRS for diverse SMEs (Markelevich et al., 2015). The existing literature also illustrates in detail different jurisdictions of IFRS and gaining linkages to existing literature explaining accounting regulatory structure for different small and medium enterprises (SMEs) (Uyar Gngrm?, 2013). Rossi Hanni (2016) asserts that small as well as medium sized corporations in diverse jurisdictions are recently gaining enormous attention and have also stepped into worldwide accounting reporting field as an outcome of the opening of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) for small as well as medium enterprises. In particular, this current study analytically assesses IFRS for specifically SMEs, counting the development along with execution procedure of the standards. In addition to this, this applies the structure of decision usefulness theory as well as pecking order theory for evaluating concerns pertaining to both development as well as execution of IFRS for small and medium sized enterprises. In addition to this, this study also delivers substantiation that IFRS for particularly SMEs have been a difficult proposition for non-publicly liable units to adopt. In addition to this, there are also numerous conceptual as well as practical concerns with regulations of IFRS for mainly SMEs (Kordecki Bullen, 2014). Again, the evaluation and deep insights provided by the current study will have severe insinuations for revising IFRS for particularly SMEs and will help in addressing future complications in the process of convergence (Kordecki Bullen, 2014). Accounting regulatory structure for SMEs Graham et al., (2017) asserts that explicit accounting information directs the way towards successful management of a particular business, regardless of the size of the firm. Fundamentally, SMEs are let off from statutory audit necessities and are necessarily subject to diverse simplified accounting principles (Rossi Hanni, 2016). However, with the entire set of IFRS implemented for diverse publicly accountable business entities, numerous arguments were raised by different small sized business entities regarding the intricacy of application of the entire IFRS. Thus, the requirement for simplified set of accounting regulations fitting for SMEs was widely appealed by several jurisdictions. Subsequently, the IASB declared IFRS for particularly SMEs during the period 2009 with the intention that they would be implemented by SMEs around the world (Liu Lee, 2014). It is identified that the directives of IFRS augment the overall comparability of pecuniary information of diverse business units across the entire world. Again, publicly accountable business entities that are traded in diverse public capital markets, SMEs normally do not have the liability of the current superior quality comparable financial information for diverse users (Uyar Gngrm?, 2013). Nevertheless, the IASB is primarily of the opinion that SMEs can acquire advantage of accessing competitive loans from mainly transnational financial lenders in case if the financial assertions between the nations were comparable. Essentially, the main aim of introducing the directive is to deliver financial reporting relaxation and lessen the managerial burden of business concerns that necessarily do not have public liability, however, prepare and present general purpose financial statements for diverse external users (Wagenhofer, 2016). Again, the IASB also believes that the straightforward v ersion can replicate the overall requirement of diverse users of small and medium business concerns financial assertions and the cost benefit factors of SMEs. Abdullah et al., (2017) mentions that the objective of IASB to introduce a novel accounting structure for small as well as medium sized enterprises necessarily embraces the entire notion of user oriented financial assertion. In particular, the attention on specific decision effectiveness in IFRS mainly includes assessment of pecuniary information. Again, then attention on decision effectiveness in IFRS for mainly SMEs can be considered to be paradigm shift from mainly traditional focus of financial assertions of small and medium enterprises. Nassar et al., (2014) asserts that the theory on decision usefulness presupposes that the primary aim of accounting is to help the overall decision making procedure of the pertinent users of different accounting reports by delivering effectual else wise data on accounting. Kamath Desai (2 014) put forwards their view that this notion also delivers a specific rational structure that can help in deriving accounting principles as well as accounting practices. Essentially, history of establishing standard process, decision usefulness theory can be regarded as a significant benchmark in selecting suitable accounting treatment that suit the requirements of different users (Valentinetti et al., 2016). Extant academic literature mentions the fact that little is known about actual users and their requirements of information in association to the financial pronouncements of SME. Again, there too exists inconsistency in the observations on users and their information requirements in the available limited literature on financial assertions of SME and these questions remain unreciprocated. Chen et al., (2014) asserts that users and their necessity for information vary between publicly as well as non-publicly liable business entities. The development procedure of simplifying different principles of accounting and accounting practices founded on identical conceptual framework and the extent to which these methods of simplifications are deduced from the information requirements of varied users of financial information of SMEs is unclear (Kajter Nienhaus, 2017). As rightly indicated by Jeong et al., (2014), another revolutionary idea behind introduction of IFRS for SMEs is to augment access of SMEs to different international capital by means of utilization of superior quality as well as harmonized financial declarations. As correctly mentioned by the pecking order theory, business entities prioritize different sources of financing in a hierarchical inclination order from internal sources of funding, debt funding to equity funding (Kajter Nienhaus, 2017). As per this notion, information asymmetry exerts impact on the overall choice/selection between internal as well as external sources of funding. As far as effectual utilization of financial information in the process of accessing diverse external sources of financing is concerned, IASBs intention to reduce information asymmetry of SMEs by presenting and preparing superior quality pecuniary pronouncements using directives of IFRS for SMEs have the need to be analysed implementing the pecking order theory (Hellman et al., 2015). As rightly put forward by Beckman et al., (2017), learners are interested in finding out whether accounting information requirements of different groups of users of financial assertions differ considerably. Again, an ongoing discussion on diverse user groups of financial assertions stresses that users of financial declarations are not a homogeneous group (Boateng et al., 2014). H1: Prior understanding and beliefs regarding the full IRFS regulation will exert impact on the process of interpretation and application of IFRS for mainly SMEs Illustration: This addresses primarily the first objective of the current study. In essence, the main objective of this study is to analytically assess IFRS for mainly SMEs, counting the development as well as execution procedures of the regulation. Particularly, it starts by delivering an overview on the background to the entire accounting regulatory structure for mainly SMEs and thereafter assesses the significance of SMEs. As such, the current study implements the entire structure of specifically decisions usefulness theory as well as the pecking theory for evaluating issues pertaining to the development and execution procedure of IFRS for mainly SMEs. However, this study can help in recognizing different issues that are engaged in the due process and elucidates the way these types of issues can hinder the entire process of development along with process of implementation of IFRS for mainly SMEs. Again, this can also help in delivering evidence as regards diverse complications as well as contentious concerns associated to execution procedure of the directive (Kajter Nienhaus, 2017). Particularly, the study also helps in understanding diverse barriers as well as inconsistencies in provincial regulation and reporting structures, disagreement over differential reporting structure along with technical difficulties that are inherent in directives of IFRS for mainly SMEs. H2: Requirement of Judgement justification can mitigate the entire confirmation bias stemming from prior understanding as well as belief regarding full regulations of IFRS at the time when professional accountants interpret and implement IFRS for mainly SMEs Illustration: This essentially the second objective of the present study. This presents an argument that when specifically recognition and enumeration necessities are diverse across particularly full regulations of IFRS as well as IFRS for mainly SMEs, then ensuing judgements regarding reporting of accountants on specifically IFRS for mainly SMEs might get biased towards the directives of full IFRS. This mainly happens at the time when professional accountants have prior knowledge as well as beliefs regarding full IFRS (also referred to as confirmation bias) impact on the reporting judgements of specifically accountants at the time of implementing IFRS for mainly SMEs. Thus, the current study intends to critically examine the judgement validation necessities and the availability of diverse decision aids that can further assist in mitigating difficulties of confirmation bias that necessarily stems from prior beliefs and knowledge on full IFRS (Kajter Nienhaus, 2017). Again, the incli nation to substantiate prior knowledge along with beliefs regarding full IFRS certainly impairs the reporting judgements of diverse professional judgements. This essentially happens at the time when people interpret and implement IFRS for mainly SMEs. Again, the confirmation bias in particularly the process of making judgements can be alleviated by enhancing awareness regarding justification necessities and by utilizing suitably designed decision that contrast the variances in specifically recognition as well as measurement criteria between IFRS for mainly SMEs and essentially full IFRS. H3: A decision made is expected to mitigate the overall confirmation bias stemming from prior knowledge as well as beliefs regarding the entire IFRS when different accountants analyse and implement IFRS for mainly SMEs. The third hypotheses also assesses the possible role that specific judgment validation requirement along with availability of specific decision aids have in the process of justifying the confirmation bias stemming from former beliefs regarding full IFRS. The research methodology can be considered as the methodical, theoretical evaluation of the mechanisms implemented to a particular field of study. Essentially, research methodology comprises of theoretical evaluation of the entire body of mechanisms as well as principles related a branch of knowledge. Research Methodology hereby helps in understanding the procedure that can be carried out for undertaking the current research study. As rightly indicated by Mackey Gass (2015), research design indicates towards the overall policy that will be selected for the process of integration of diverse components of the current study in a coherent as well as rational manner. This can help in making certain the fact that this research design can effectually address the specific research problem and assists in comprehending the overall blueprint of the research collection, process of measurements and evaluation of data. There are necessarily two different types of research approach that includes deductive and inductive approach. As rightly mentioned by Taylor et al., (2015), the inductive approach does not comprise of development of hypotheses. Essentially, this starts with research questions, research aims along with research objectives that have the need to be attained during the process of the research. On the other hand, the deductive research approach refers to formulation of an entire set of hypotheses for the study that have the need to be confirmed or else rejected during the procedure of the research. This necessarily comprises of analysis of theory, deduction of hypotheses based on the hypotheses. Thereafter, this process includes observations as well as tests and subsequently conformation else wise rejection of the stated hypotheses. However, the purpose of the present study, the learner intends to present inductive research approach that can help in understanding the problem associated t o the research and carry out specific observations and arrive at particular observations (Flick, 2015). The learner intends to undertake exploratory research design that can help in exploring the identified research questions and does not necessarily present final as well as conclusive solutions to diverse existing difficulties. This can be illustrated as an assertion of different affairs and can be characterised as an attempt to specifically determine, illustrate or else recognize the topic under consideration. The selection of this research design of descriptive type can help in describing different aspects of the current phenomenon, characteristics as well as behaviour of the target sample. Additionally, adoption of this research design can assist in illustrating and substantiating diverse research findings (Taylor et al., 2015). As correctly put forward by Taylor et al., (2015), there are two different types of quantitative as well as qualitative research methods. Quantitative research method is mainly utilized for the purpose of quantification of the identified research problem by means of generation of numerical data. This numerical data can be later on transformed into specific usable statistics. Essentially, this can be utilized for the purpose of quantification of specific attitudes, behaviours, diverse defined variables as well as opinions. Again, this can also be used for generalization of results from a large sample. On the other hand, qualitative research mechanism is primarily used in relation to exploratory research. Taylor et al., (2015) mentions that this research provides specific insights into specific research problems and assists in the process of development of ideas else wise hypotheses for quantitative research. Quantitative research study therefore can be used for uncovering diverse tren ds in specific thoughts as well as opinions and delve deeper into the identified problem. In essence, for the purpose of the present study, the learner intends to utilize the mixed methods that include both the quantitative as well as qualitative methods. Essentially, the learner intends to undertake mixed research approach that involves mixing both quantitative as well as qualitative research. This can assist in gaining breadth along with depth of comprehending and corroboration, whilst offsetting the limitations that are inherent to utilizing each approach. The current study intends to utilize a mixed method approach in order to address all the identified research questions (Flick, 2015). In this study, the learner intends to conduct a survey on wine production industry for the purpose of assessing the effectiveness of diverse disclosures that are included in the financial assertions of SMEs that necessarily are prepared as per regulations of IFRS for SMEs. In addition to this, the learner also intends to undertake semi-structured interviews with managers of the wine production industries. This interview process can help in gaining deep insight into appropriateness as well as economic consequences of the process of simplification of the entire procedure of recognition along with the principles of measurements necessities of IFRS for small and medium sized enterprises. The learner intends to make use of both primary as well as secondary data for the purpose of current study. As rightly indicated by Flick (2015), both primary as well as secondary data are essentially two different types of data, each one of them having advantages and disadvantages assist in understanding the specific issue or else testing the hypothesis. The primary data refers to the first hand data that are essentially acquired by investigators themselves directly from the field of the study. On the other hand, the secondary data refers to the data that are acquired by someone else other than the investigator themselves. In essence, the general sources of secondary data for studies necessarily comprises of censuses, information acquired by different government divisions, records of corporation as well as data that was acquired for research functions. Method of collection of data The investigator of the current study intends to collect primary data by using questionnaires method and interview method (Flick, 2015). Essentially, the researcher proposes to collect primary data through responses received from telephonic interviews of 20 managers and answers received from the mailed questionnaire distributed to 50 managers. However, the researcher proposes to collect secondary data through official websites, newspapers, journals and books. The managers of the wine production industries are selected as the participant of the survey. The learner intends to distribute the questionnaire through emails among 50 senior managers. In addition to this the learner intends to undertake interview with 20 managers functioning in the SMEs in wine production industry in Australia. Thereafter, valid responses that will be received can help in yielding usable rate of response. Essentially, the sample is necessarily limited to the wine production industry and this can help in increasing the overall likelihood that the surveyed managers responses that would rely on specific available accounting information of SMEs. Again, the learner also intends to ask pertinent questions to survey participants regarding adoption of accounting information that can be regarded to be effective for the small and medium sized wine industry. Again, the learner also proposes to reflect their own interest in taking part in follow up interview. Over and above 8 0% of the target respondents reflected that would partake in follow up interview. Furthermore, in order to make certain a representative sample of managers of wine production from each corporation, stratified sampling procedure can be utilized for randomly choosing participating respondents in the follow up interviews (Flick, 2015). The learner intends to utilize the simple random sampling for selection of the sample consisting of managers operating in the SMEs in wine production industry of Australia. In this case, the managers have equal probability of getting selected in the sample (Flick, 2015). During the first part of the survey questionnaire, the learner intends to understand the demographic information of the targeted respondents namely gender, age, formal education, formal educational qualifications as well as years of experience in small as well as medium sized enterprises. Again, partakers of the survey will also be asked to reflect the familiarity level of with the regulations of IFRS for particularly small and medium sized enterprises. The responses of the survey questionnaires have the need to be marked and enumerated on a five point Likert Scale (where 1 stands for not useful and 5 stands for extremely useful) (Mackey Gass, 2015). In addition to this, the learner intends to formulate the second segment of the survey questionnaire that intends to focus on diverse sources of specific information for evaluation of opinions of research participants on the effectiveness of diverse accounting measurement notions of different items in the financial statements. Additiona lly, the second segment of the questionnaire intends to stress on particular information on items and general information regarding the directives, presentation as well as checklist of disclosure of IFRS for the industry in SME. Furthermore, the learner also intends to instruct all the respondents regarding the information separately specifically in the context effect of directives of IFRS for small and medium sized enterprises particularly wine producing industries. As such, the learner also intends to deliver all the requisite instructions in the questionnaire in a bid to establish suitable decision context. Addition to this, for the purpose of the present study the learner also has the intention to verify the overall internal validity as well as consistency of the accounting information items contained in the questionnaire using Cronbach Alpha Test. Particularly, the alpha coefficient acquired for diverse accounting items is to be used for analysis of the consistency and verifica tion of the reliability of the questionnaire. The learner intends to undertake semi-structured interviews with the managers of the wine production industries that are necessarily in the small and medium sized enterprises. Essentially, the learner also has the intention to carry out total 10 interviews over telephone owing to unavailability of the target interviewee at particularly the scheduled time of interviews. In this case, it can be hereby mentioned that all the researchers also take into consideration the ethical considerations (Mackey Gass, 2015). For this purpose, the learner intends to ensure anonymity and assist in maintaining consistent as well as dependable responses. Again, for the purpose of the present study, the learner intends to inform about the distinctiveness of the respondent and the wine production industry would remain unidentified. The interview guide will also be presented that can address essentially three objectives. The primary main is to comprehend the perception of the managers of the wine producti on companies on the effectiveness of easy recognition as well as measurement necessities in IFRS regulations for SME. In addition to this, questions on semi-structured interview will be primarily founded on the prohibition of the entire revaluation strategy option on specifically property, plant as well as equipment, specific recognition on specifically costs of research as well as development as expends at the time when the same is incurred. In addition to this, the effectiveness of fair value for definite classes of asset, and recognition of delayed tax accounting. Again, the interviewees will also be asked to mention on the appropriateness as well as economic results of oversimplification of recognition as well as requirements of measurements. Furthermore, the semi-structured questions are also developed and designed to comprehend particularly the common perceptions of the management of the wine production industry and the in general perception of the managers on effect of accoun ting regulations, effectiveness of statements that are prepared and presented in conformation with IFRS regulations for small and medium sized enterprises (Mackey Gass, 2015). The learner intends to undertake quantitative analyse the acquired primary data by means of statistical as well as mathematical techniques such as frequency, central tendency, dispersion and many other inferential statistical mechanisms (correlation, regression and testing of hypothesis using specific statistic). The learner proposes to undertake qualitative analysis of the primary data obtained from the subjective responses of the partakers of research. For this purpose, the investigator intends to understand context of the present study, comprehend the people under consideration and comprehending the process of interaction. Qualitative analysis of in-depth as well as explanatory data collected from a target sample is said to be carried out by drawing patterns from specific concepts along with insights (Taylor et al., 2015). The secondary data obtained from prior academic studies can be analysed by analysis of content and thematic analysis. -Utilization of the exploratory research approach is said to have its own limitations. The process of analysing the findings on several issues encountered in the process of adoption of IFRS for mainly SMEs is limited to previous studies as well as current publications on transformation of full set of particularly IFRS and IFRS for mainly SMEs. Essentially, the utilization of mainly secondary research sources namely prior academic literature and elaborate discussions might perhaps be susceptible to concerns of interpreter bias and hereby limit generalization. Nevertheless, attempts to overcome certain specific drawbacks by acquiring pertinent materials and utilizing theoretical structures for interpretations of data might possibly fail. As such, in a bid to enhance the generalization, further research can possibly be undertaken indifferent jurisdictions for reflecting the real execution difficulties as well as issues and faced at the nation or at domestic level (Kordecki Bullen, 2014 ). Again, in terms of those nations that have adopted the novel standards, further studies can also be undertaken for investigating the cost benefit analysis of IFRS for different SMEs. Again, although the current study is expected to provide interpretational evidence, specific simulated outcomes might not be generalized into specific real world circumstances. In essence, in a real accounting environment, all the accountants essentially have the incentive for different vigilant processing of information and the behaviour is not observed in the current research setting. Again, the study needs to be presented in a manner that might face judgemental bias that need to be averted. Again, process of evaluation of user perception regarding effectiveness of IFRS for mainly SMEs from a particular group of user of SME financial assertions shall not reflect the perceptions of diverse groups of users. This can limit the overall generalization of different findings. Furthermore, the current study will be based on wine production industry as SME. The proposed study is therefore limited only to a specific industry and their perception regarding adoption of IFRS regarding SMEs (Ros si Hanni, 2016). However, for this particular reason, the conclusions cannot be regarded to be comprehensive and generalized to the wider community founded on this current research alone. However, the IASB keeps on tracking the execution experience and the requirements to make modifications to the regulation. Therefore, it will be important to incorporate the execution experience of other nations in future research. Essentially, the outcomes of this proposed research might warrant further research that can make attempts to reflect the outcome with respect to different other nations that have already adopted or else opted for the implementation of IFRS for mainly SMEs. Contribution of the entire research The present research study is said to enhance the understanding regarding international accounting as well as practices of accounting. The current study is also expected to provide conclusive assertions based on wide-ranging examination of the process of adoption of particularly IFRS for mainly SMEs, counting the process of development as well as execution procedure of the specific standard. Again, the current study is also expected to replicate diverse challenges for publicly as well as non-publicly liable entities for adoption owing to different conceptual as well as practical issues pertaining to mainly IFRS for mainly SMEs. furthermore, the study also delivers insights regarding the issues related to IASBs due procedure of IFRS for mainly SMEs and several execution issues. Additionally, the outcomes are also anticipated to broaden the overall understanding regarding convergence as well as practices of reporting (Uyar Gngrm?, 2013). As such, this study can also deliver significan t contribution to the process of judgement as well as decision making in the process of accounting. Although the process of adoption of IFRS for mainly SMEs has essentially received huge attention, lesser attention is given to accounting literature for demonstration of readiness of different preparers to accept regulations of IFRS as a standalone directive. The outcomes of the study are also significant especially to setters of accounting standard as they deliver deeper and at the same time comprehensive understanding of perceptions of different users of usefulness of decision regarding recognition as well as principles of enumeration along with disclosure necessities in IFRS for mainly SMEs. In addition to this, the study is also anticipated to reflect the process of simplification in process of recognition as well as enumeration necessities of particularly IFRS for mainly SMEs in wine production industries. Furthermore, the study is again expected to represent differential framework for reporting that might create inconsistency in particularly true as well as fair view notion. Again, the study also emphasizes that the exaggeration on the process of simplification of principles of accounting as well as difficulties engaged in the process of execution might hinder attainment of objective of enhancement of transnational access to finance. This act of simplification can be carried through superior quality as well as analogous financial information and the anticipated advantages might not transfer effectually to mainly SMEs. Additionally, the analysis along with insights that is to be delivered by the current study is said to have insinuations particularly for revision of regulations of IFRS for mainly SMEs in the wine production industry. This is carried out mainly at the when IASB undertakes the assessment of IFRS for SMEs and designs future modifications to the regulation. As such, the fi ndings can also help in averting or else minimising future modifications in the specific standard. However, the findings is also said to deliver deep insights regarding future complications in the process of IFRS adoption for different SMEs in the wine production sector. Again, this study can help in delivering suitable designed decision help that can help in making clear difference between recognition as well as measurement notions of particularly full IFRS as well as IFRS for mainly SMEs in the wine production industry in Australia. Again, the study can also help in presenting conclusive outcomes regarding the benefits that SMEs reap from conformation with regulations of IFRS for mainly SMEs. However, this can happen when the mindset of preparers of financial assertions shifts and they accept IFRS for mainly SMEs (Uyar Gngrm?, 2013). The learner essentially presents an abstract that contain statement of research problems, scientific goal of the study in normal terms, methods of the study and conclusive outcomes and discussion. The learner intends to divide the entire research study into five different chapters. Here, chapter 1 presents the introductory section that helps the reader to comprehend the entire study. This section is expected to deliver a complete overview of the research, research problems and framed questions for the research, research aims and objectives along with significance of the research. Thereafter, chapter 2 of the study is to present the review of the literature that can present an analysis of the prior academic literature and academic evidences. The third chapter is to present the methodology of research that will present the research approach, research design, research type, data sources, process of collection of data, selected sample for the study and the process of analysis of the acquired data (Uyar Gngrm?, 2013). Thereafter, the fourth chapter is said to present the section on analysis and interpretation of the acquired data for the present study. Finally, the final chapter o n conclusion and recommendations is said to present the conclusive statements based on the findings of the research. Timeline for Research Conducted Task Details Start date End date Days involved Background of the study 2-May-17 7-May-17 5 Research Aims and Objectives 7-May-17 10-May-17 3 Research Questions 10-May-17 15-May-17 5 Links to present Literature Review 15-May-17 20-Jun-17 35 Development of Hypothesis 20-Jun-17 30-Jun-17 10 Research Methodology 1-Jul-17 12-Aug-17 42 Sources of Data 12-Aug-17 17-Aug-17 5 Methods of Data Collection 18-Aug-17 25-Aug-17 7 Sample and Sampling Technique 25-Aug-17 30-Aug-17 5 Survey Questionnaire 31-Aug-17 5-Sep-17 6 Interviews 5-Sep-17 2-Oct-17 25 Methods of Data Analysis 20-Sep-17 2-Oct-17 12 Limitations of Research 3-Oct-17 13-Oct-17 10 Contribution of Entire Research 13-Oct-17 20-Oct-17 7 Contribution of Organization Research 20-Oct-17 1-Nov-17 10 References Abdullah, A. M., Naser, K., Al-Duwaila, N. (2017). Students' Attitudes towards the Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in Kuwait.Asian Social Science,13(5), 85. Beckman, J. K., Michel, M. L., Munter, P., Kaiser Venuti, E. (2017). Progress Despite Uncertainty: Results of the AAA/KPMG Survey on Implementation of IFRS into US Accounting Curricula. Boateng, A. A., Arhin, A. B., Afful, V. (2014). International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) Adoption in Ghana: Rationale, Benefits and Challenges. Chen, L., Ng, J., Tsang, A. (2014). The effect of mandatory IFRS adoption on international cross-listings.The Accounting Review,90(4), 1395-1435. DeZoort, F. T., Wilkins, A., Justice, S. E. (2017). Call for papers: The limits of accounting regulation.Journal of Accounting and Public Policy,45, 30Z. Flick, U. (2015).Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. Sage. Graham, A., Nandialath, A. M., Skaradzinski, D., Rustambekov, E. (2017). Macroeconomic Determinants Of International Financial Reporting Standards (Ifrs) Adoption: Evidence From The Middle East North Africa (Mena) Region.Accounting Taxation,9(1), 39-48. Hellman, N. (2016). Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation.Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation,27, 13-25. Hellman, N., Gray, S. J., Morris, R. D., Haller, A. (2015). The persistence of international accounting differences as measured on transition to IFRS.Accounting and Business Research,45(2), 166-195. Jeong, J. S., Na, K. S., You, Y. Y. (2014). A case study of Financial Statements Reporting System based on XBRL Taxonomy in accordance with Korean Public Institutions adoption of K-IFRS.Cluster computing,17(3), 817-826. Kajter, P., Nienhaus, M. (2017). The impact of IFRS 8 adoption on the usefulness of segment reports.Abacus,53(1), 28-58. Kamath, R., Desai, R. (2014). The impact of IFRS adoption on the financial activities of companies in India: An empirical study.IUP Journal of Accounting Research Audit Practices,13(3), 25. Kordecki, G. S., Bullen, M. L. (2014). Evolutionary developments in accounting standard setting for private entities and SMEs.Journal of International Business and Cultural Studies,8, 1. Liu, J. Y., Lee, M. S. (2014). MCDM Approach for the Adoption of IFRS for SMEs: Using Taiwan as an Example.Journal of Testing and Evaluation,43(4), 964-976. Mackey, A., Gass, S. M. (2015).Second language research: Methodology and design. Routledge. Markelevich, A., Riley, T., Shaw, L. (2015). Towards Harmonizing Reporting Standards and Communication of International Financial Information: The Status and the Role of IFRS and XBRL.Journal of Knowledge Globalization,8(2). Nassar, L., Uwuigbe, O. R., Uwuigbe, U. (2014). IFRS Adoption and Its Integration into Accounting Education Curriculum in Nigerian Universities.IFRS Adoption and Its Integration into Accounting Education Curriculum in Nigerian Universities. Rossi, P., Hanni, T. (2016). The Impact of Voluntary IAS/IFRS Adoption on Medium Italian Private Entities: Implications for the Adoption of IFRS for SMEs.Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing,12(12), 582-611. Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R., DeVault, M. (2015).Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley Sons. Uyar, A., Gngrm?, A. H. (2013). Perceptions and knowledge of accounting professionals on IFRS for SMEs: Evidence from Turkey.Research in Accounting Regulation,25(1), 77-87. Valentinetti, D., Rea, M. A., Basile, C. (2016). Differences between national reporting practices and IFRS for SMEs presentation and disclosure requirements: Evidence from Italy.International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting,6(2), 146-174. Wagenhofer, A. (2016). Exploiting regulatory changes for research in management accounting. Management Accounting Research,31, 112-117.

Waist-to-Hip Ratio Essay Example

Waist-to-Hip Ratio Paper It can be seen that the relationship is linear between the WHR, i. e. the lower the WHR value the more attractive the image is considered to be. Whereas, the BMI the data is not linearly related and that the lower the BMI score the image seems to be unattractive and the higher the BMI score the image is also considered to be unattractive. As the BMI is not linearly related a quadratic formula had to be used in order to better predict the rating. Therefore the residuals had to be analysed in order to justify this. Graphs 5 and 6 show the distribution of the residuals for the attractiveness rating and the relationship of them with the fitted values, respectively. The residuals were distributed normally and the relationship seemed linear, but seemed to have a high variance. Similarly with the residuals of WHR (graphs 7 and 8), residuals were normally distributed and an approximate linear relationship with the fitted values. However, the residuals for the BMI, although normally distributed (graph 9), did not have a linear relationship with their fitted values (graph 10). So a quadratic formula was used which resulted in a much smoother parabola (graph 11) showing the same relationship from graph 3 but more clearly. As all the residuals were approximately normally distributed regression analysis was valid and applied (table 1) using the quadratic (BMI2) as one of the predictors. This resulted in only just under 30% (R-sq = 29. 0%) of the variance being explained by the three predictors. This was probably due to other contributing factors that were not taken into account during the experiment such as the gender of the subjects, cultural differences e. t. c. We will write a custom essay sample on Waist-to-Hip Ratio specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Waist-to-Hip Ratio specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Waist-to-Hip Ratio specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer An analysis of the variance was applied and resulted in a very highly significant variance ratio (874. 55) suggesting that both the BMI and WHR were significant contributing factors. The first table of best subsets (table 3) shows that the WHR is the more influential of the two factors. However, only 29% of the variance has been explained and this is not much, so could be inaccurate. So, a cubic formula was tried and this resulted in a more accurate regression equation (table 4) and a greater proportion of the variance was explained (46. 4%). The best subsets (table 6) showed that the BMI was the best contributing factor with the WHR second. The analysis of variance (table 5) confirmed that the significance of the two factors in predicting the attractiveness rating had increased (variance ratio = 1390. 05). The same test was done to discover if using a formula with the power 4 would make a more accurate predictor. This was true and R-sq = 48. 8%, so the accuracy was beginning to plateau off at around 50%. The best subsets of the power four attempted, however was impossible to compute as the correlation was too high. Using firstly, the quadratic allowed a relationship between the three values WHR, BMI and attractiveness to be formulated and plotted against one another (graph 12). This shows that the relationship between the BMI and the attractiveness is always curved, however, the height and elevation of the curve always depends upon the WHR. The values are greatest for attractiveness where WHR is high and the BMI is in the middle of the range. This contradicts graph 4 where the lower the WHR the more attractive the image is considered to be. However, graph 4 only takes into account the influence of WHR alone, not the joint influence of both factors together like graph 12. Greater information could be been obtained if the subjects were asked their gender before rating the images. This would have allowed insight into whether males perception of attractiveness if different to that of womens. Also the age of the subjects could have been varied to see if the age of the individual has an affect on their perception of attractiveness. This has been researched by Fallon and Rozin (1989, cited in Singh 1994) as womens perception is thinner than that of mens ideal. This also works the opposite way, as the age and gender of the images could have been varied to see if either one has an effect upon attractiveness. Cultural differences both of the subject and of the image should be investigated. If the culture of the subject influences their perception, or if, for example, the colour of the person in the image matters to the subject. Are coloured people considered to be less, more or indifferent in their attractiveness to other different coloured people? Also, geographical differences, whether the ideal image of attractiveness varies between the populations of different countries. Yu and Shepard (1998, cited in Tovee Cornelissen 1999) have investigated this and among their findings concluded that Americans prefer higher WHRs to the English. Possibly a more important and more interesting factor could be eating disorders and the effect that they have upon the individuals perception of attractiveness. With the medias representation and obsession with supermodels there has been a steady increase of eating disorders among the population. This rise was predicted by the studies of Agras (1987 cited in Morris et al 1989) when the change in the body shape of women began to appear in fashion magazines. To conclude at first the WHR seemed to be the more important contributing factor (table 3) however, when using a cubic and the power of 4 the accuracy began to increase and it became apparent that the BMI was quite considerably the more influential of the two factors (BMI = 11. 3% and WHR = 9. 8%). This is supported by other research; however, there are many other contributing factors such as, age, culture and eating disorders, which need further investigation. References Morris, A. et al (1989). The changing shape of female fashion Models. Journal of Eating Disorders. 8: 593-596. Singh, D. (1994) Ideal female Body Shape: The role of body weight and Waist-to-Hip Ratio. Journal of Eating Disorders 16:283-288. Singh, D. (1994) Is thin really beautiful and good? Relationship between Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and female attractiveness. Personal and Individual Differences 16: 123-132 Tovee, M. J. Cornelissen, P. L (1999). The mystery of Female beauty Journal of Nature 399, 215-216

Gorillas in the mist (video) essays

Gorillas in the mist (video) essays ESSAY: is Dian Fossey a hero or a villain? Dian Fossey was a well-known person that was famous for saving the mountain gorillas in Africa. In my essay, I am going to include who Dian was, what she did and if she got along with the villagers. Was she a hero or a villain? Dian Fossey was an American speech therapist that worked with handy-capped children. Dain attended a conference in America about saving the mountain gorillas in Africa. Dain went to Africa to count the gorillas to see if the population of gorillas were increasing or decreasing. Dian had to leave the mountain because there was a civil war, she continued counting the gorillas after the war finished. She counts half as many gorillas as there was during the last count, which occurred 7 years before. She developed a passion for the gorillas over the weeks that she was counting them and found a technique of getting closer to the gorillas by imitate their movements and sounds. A variety of gorillas tried to protect a baby gorilla from poachers who were going to sell the baby to the zoo. The entire family of gorillas that were protecting the baby were killed. Dian brakes into the van where the baby gorilla was caged. The baby was going to die because it needed its mother. Dian nursed the baby or else she would have passed away because the gorilla frets over her mother. Dian made an agreement with the mayor to nurse the baby for the zoo, for three men to assist her to count the gorillas. Dain nursed the baby gorilla as it improved and then they received the baby gorilla from her and caged her up in the zoo. A year passed and the baby gorilla passed away because the gorilla missed Dian, after talking care of her she thought Dian was her mother. ESSAY: is Dian Fossey a hero or a villain? The poachers came again to slaughter another family for one baby. They sold the fathers hands and feet for ash treys and cut off the head. They also stabb ...

Reflection scenario based essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reflection scenario based - Essay Example There is no cure for the condition other than early delivery of the baby at 37 or 38th week (Sibai et al. 2005). After being monitored for a day and blood pressures stabilized, Jennifer was discharged. My instructor and I visited Jennifer at her home three times a week to provide care to her. Our major tasks were to monitor the blood pressures, check the urine for any protein and check her wait. My instructor provided appropriate advice and support to Jennifer and her husband regarding her care. Jennifer was advised to stop performing heavy tasks, reducer her activity level and possible spend a lot of time in bed rest to control her blood pressure levels. Jennifer was advised of the position for a bed rest either on the left or on the right side. I learned that lying on the back is important to allow blood to flow to the placenta bringing more blood to the baby. If tired she was advised to sit up or move around at times. She was also advised to monitor how much fluid she drinks and as well monitor how often her baby kicks and moves (Sibai 2011). Her husband was advised on the importance of providing support to her wife to reduce anxiety levels. I learned that it is significant of midwives to communicate effectively with patients and adopt organizations aspects of care in delivering high quality care services. In future, this experience will help me to deliver appropriate ca re to a mother with mild pre-eclampsia at the community

SOCIOLOGY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

SOCIOLOGY - Essay Example A great deal of research work has shown that violence has deep and long lasting effects (Johnson, 2008). Psychologists admit the fact that children pass 13 hours in a week (boys) and 5 hours (girls) in playing video games. Dr. Anderson and his co-workers demonstrated that violent video games develop the feelings of hostility (Anderson et al, 2003). Theorist’s stress that people should wisely think and select what they want to watch on TV. Sociologists made research and found that whatever TV news broadcast or newspapers write is all based on their own thinking knowledge. TV news has influenced people in different ways .the news of terrorism, murder, thefts and crime makes people feel hostile and aggressive. Researchers found a relationship between the media and the conduct. The principal and the foremost effect is to copy what is being shown. Secondly, it makes people insensitive making them hard-hearted about rest of the world. Others say that violent news makes people dreadful about the problems and pains of others (Johnson, 2008). Conclusion: Psychologists unite about the effects of TV news while research in this are is quite difficult to measure. A psychologist mentioned is very difficult to prove the relationship between violent media and the conduct through specific methodology. Anderson, C.A., Berkowitz, L., Donnerstein, E., Huesmann, L.R., Johnson, J., Linz, D., Malamuth, N., & Wartella, E. (2003). The influence of media violence on youth. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, Vol. 4, pp.

Front end of Sky West Inc case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Front end of Sky West Inc - Case Study Example Sky West Inc. was named the regional company of the year since 2006 depicting customer satisfaction. However, Sky West Inc. faces a challenge of increased and fluctuating fuel costs and it is the aim of this report of the alternatives strategies for implementation by management to overcome the challenge and recommend the best alternative. The first alternative available for Sky West Inc. is to improve the fleet of aircrafts to have better technology, be bigger, and efficient in flying both short and long distant locations. Improving the fleet will provide Sky West Inc. the chance to increase destinations and augment the ability of the company to compete with established airlines. The current fleet requires large maintenance costs and affects the ability of the company to make large contracts with major airline companies to fly for long distances. Pros: several benefits will accrue from the implementation of the strategy including low fuel consumption from the increased efficiency in fuel consumption by the more technologically advanced aircrafts. Another benefit from the alternative is the augmented efficiency of operations from the improved fleet allowing for a reduction in maintenance costs and decreased breakdowns reducing operation costs for the company. Time-saving on maintenance and repairs will allow Sky West Inc. access better returns from the increased times of flying with the new flight compared to old fleet that have to be frequently grounded for maintenance and repairs. Improving the fleet will also put Sky West Inc. at a better position of competing with international aviation companies for greater market share and propel it beyond regional aviation service provision. Cons: the main disadvantage with the alternative is the high cost of implementation. The high costs are as a result of the need to phase out old fleet resulting in losses owing to sale at lower price or minimal use reducing return on assets ratio.

Sociological theories

Sociological theories Now a days social workers are expected to write their reports in a coherent way, justifying it using theory and research. Sociology offers some important social theories, which provide explanations and critiques of human behavior, social actions and interactions as well as the institutions and the structures of society. The fact that social work is concerned with social change and problem solving is precisely why sociology is important to social work. In this essay I have selected two sociological theories to examine and understand Ms. Bs situation. I will be applying these theories to my understanding of my position as a social worker. The essay will also consider how these theories or perspectives helped my thinking about Ms. Bs situation and how these theories or perspectives were unhelpful in my understanding of Ms. Bs situation. In this essay I will also considers what other theory might have been applied, and as an integral part of the essay, considering anti-oppressive and anti-discriminatory practice. Functionalism views society made up from numerous interconnected parts which together form a system. The basic part of this breakdown is the society, and its variety of parts can be understood in terms of their collective relationship. In the initial stages of this theory Functionalism drew comparisons between society and the human body. Mainly this comparison existed since they viewed the society operating in theory in a similar way of the human body. Therefore, for one to understand the function of an organ in the human atonomy, for example the heart, it is essential to understand its relationship with the other organs in the human body and especially, its contribution towards the maintaining of the organism. Thus, functionalism argues that, an analysis and examination of the functioning of society is therefore important as it illustrates its relationship with the other parts of society, and most importantly, its contribution to the maintenance of society. According to Emile Durkheim (1895), the founder of Functionalism, crime and deviance are normal and necessary. Given that they are found in all societies, functionalists argue that it is a form of social change, as through deviance the society would learn about the accepted behaviour. However, too much crime can bring on a state of anomie, which is a state of normlessness in society. This arises when cultural goals and structural means of achieving those goals is unbalanced. The anomie state would result in conflicting the agreement of the functioning of society. Durkheim described the state of anomie as a feeling of aimlessness or despairtraditional moral controls and standards are largely broken downthis leaves many individuals in society feeling lack of meaning in their daily lives.Giddens(2006, p 14) Durkheim (1895) suggested that the theory of Merton gives an idea of the individuals who have high expectations and are unable to fulfill them through structural means then strain occurs. Robert Mertons (1938) Strain theory modified the Durkheims   Anomie to refer to the strain put on individuals when accepted norms conflict with reality. While the symbolic interactionalist theory are more concerned with agencies of social control; how they label certain behavior as deviant and the effects of these labels. Interactionists dispute the functionalist assumption that there is an agreement throughout society as to what behavior is criminal or deviant. They aimed to find out why certain behavior was labeled as criminal or deviant in some contexts but not in others. Howard Becker was one of the initiators of the labelling theory, he stated that Social groups create deviance by making the rules whose infractions constitute deviance, and by applying these rules to particular people and labelling them as outsiders. REF The labelling theory looks at how the social response to crime is made and how certain behaviour comes to be considered deviant or criminal. Labelling theory also suggests that the very imposition of social judgments on certain individuals, helps turn those individuals even more into paths of criminality that have been already identified. The labelling becomes a self-fulfillment prophecy as the stigma, or label, only pushes the offender further in the direction of criminality. In simple terms, give a dog a bad name he will become a bad dog,   Llewellyn et al (2001, p 90). The theoretical formulations of Colley (1992) and Mead (1934) have served as a source when trying to understand the self-fulfilling prophecy. They both argue that social interaction is the basis upon which an individual formulates his or her self-concept. Cooley and Mead models give examples of the individuals conception which arises through interaction with other members of the society that constitute his/her significant social circle. Specifically, the social looking glass theory posits that ones self-conception is determined by the way in which it is reflected or mirrored through the eyes of the other people involved, Allen (2001, p 58). As a SW, I believe it is my responsibility to try to really understand the SUs situation, from their perspective. Thinking about Ms. Bs situation, in terms of the two theories is very useful to me as a SW as sociological theories are helpful in providing insights into the perspectives of the SU. Therefore these two theories are helpful in helping to identify how Ms Bs situation may have come to being constructed and, so can be understood. For example, functionalism could help me understand Ms. Bs situation from the perspective of Ms. Bs culture, race, gender and mental health status: Ms. B could potentially, be multiply discriminated against along any of these. Analyzing and examining the SUs problems in a functionalist view can, therefore, give structure to my understanding of the problem as a social worker. Especially in terms of how SUs might be discriminated or oppressed against, Dominelli (2002). For instance, in Ms B. case, a functionalist analysis to her situation would consider the behavior of Ms B. as deviant, because it is preventing her from participating in society. She is seen as unable to fulfill her role as a mother and her social interactions are affected. Supposing that she has permit to work, it would be not possible for her to find or maintain a job due to her deviant behavior. Functionalists would consider this as a faulty socialization. Furthermore functionalism would view this situation as costing to society, as a result not contributing to the maintenance of the society functioning. This fault in socialization has to be fixed in order for Ms B. to fully participate in society and contribute in its maintenance; as a result the label put on her would be a form of social control. However as a consequence to the label, Ms B. would feel that her culture, race and gender are not taken into account and that she is being discriminated against, she may feel oppressed and at the same time socially stigmatized. The Robert Mertons (1938) Strain theory would be very helpful in better understanding Ms B. behavior. Durkheim (1895) suggested that the theory of Merton gives an idea of the individuals who have high expectations and are unable to fulfill them through structural means then strain occurs. Robert Mertons (1938) Strain theory modified the Durkheims Anomie to refer to the strain put on individuals when accepted norms conflict with reality.REF Linking this to the case of Ms B, her asspiration to enter paid employment does not coincide with her immigration status. Therefore this disparity between desires and fulfillment will be felt in deviant motivation. Evenmore this could be the point where Mrs B feels the strain and as a result deviates from the societies norms. Due to the variety of problems that Ms B. is currently facing, Agnew (1992) in Levinson (2002) would give another functionalist view to better understand her reaction to the label. He argues how the strain theory can lead to other deviant adoptions. Agnew criticizes the earlier strain theory, he argued that strain theory should generalize the concept to include all negative relations with others, rather than just the negative relations that are the result of striving from uneatable, but culturally mandated goals. Levinson (2002, p 79). It is not so much the unique quality no any single event but the accumulation of several stressful events within a relatively short time span that is consequential) Agnew (1992,) as cited in Levinson (2002, p 62-63). Ms B. immigration status may feel very oppressing to her. By not taking the medication prescribed as well as reacting in a deviant way, is the only way in which Ms B. can show her anger, which is accumulated by many issues during a short time. Agnew placed great importance to the feeling of anger as he argued that anger is the key emotion because it increases the individuals level of felt injury, creates a desire for retaliation/revenge, energizes the individual for action, and lowers inhibitions, in part because individuals believe that others will feel their aggression is justified as cited in Levinson (2002, p 60). While functionalism helped me to reflect on the possible ways a person can be discriminated against; even more it placed a great emphasis on my understanding of the importance of being culturally competent, especially in the profession of social work. In the other hand the labelling theory not only lead me to a deeper understanding of Ms B situations but also, helped me to understand the potential start of Ms Bs deviance behavior. For instance, once the label of mental ill was given to Ms B, she may well have chosen to simply organize her life around that label and adopt the new identity that was endorsed on her. In this way the self fulfilling prophecy comes into play. The act of labelling Ms B as someone with scrixophenia would had an adverse effect on her future behaviour. Deviance can be defined as a failure to conform to culturally expected norms of behaviour, which reflect the dominant values and rules of groups or society in a given period, Llewellyn et al (2002, p 90). As the labelling theory argues that the person is categorized and classified as deviant ; the stereotyped person has their identity reinforced, which in turn promotes the deviant behaviour that it is intended to prevent, Llewellyn et al (2002, p 90). When reading and applying the functionalist theory, it is obvious that this theory assumes that the middle class values are accepted throughout society. Therefore whoever deviates from this values it is regarded as having a faulty socialization. Even more as we see on the Anomie theory and the adapted strain theory, one can understand that there is an assumption that everyone aspires the same level of success. The labelling theory has been very helpful in developing policies, such as diversion from the courts and the criminal justice systems. However the labelling theory has its own limitations, it can be argued that it is too deterministic as it assumes that the deviant will accept the label, some people fight against the label and prove it wrong. As well as it does not consider the process that lead to the deviant behavior. There are other sociological theories that could also have helped to explain other aspects of Ms. Bs life, such as her living in poverty, which can lead Ms. B to be discriminated against and oppressed by mainstream society. Marxism conflict theory and anti-racist theory/black perspectives, would have been helpful in achieving a bigger picture of Ms B situation. For example Marxist would argue that Ms B is being oppressed against due to her social class, poverty and her ethnicity. There are past and current studies to show that a high number of people from black ethnicities, are being diagnosed with schizophrenia, with some studies reporting between two to eight times higher rates of diagnosis, compared to the White population mind.org.uk (accessed 16/12/09). Even more the past detention of Ms B under the mental health act would coincide with the fact that people from black ethnicities are more likely to be held under the Mental Health Act, and to receive medication rather than be offered therapies such as psychotherapy mentalhealth.org.uk (accessed 16/12/09). Applying the black feminist theories could have explored more about Ms B current situation, Black feminist would argue that Ms B may be facing oppression from her partner as well as they would argue about the mental label being ascribed to her as a result of her gender but most importantly her ethnicity. Also it is important to note that only the difference between Black Caribbean women and White women can be considered as statistically significant mind.org.uk (accessed: 28/12/09) In summary, it is obvious that actively considering and using sociological theories can allow meaningful analyses of the SUs problems.   As a result the SW practice becomes applied more, and of more use to the SUs. Theories would provide informed solutions to SUs problems in a more anti-oppressive and anti-discriminatory manner (Dominelli, 2002).   In conclusion one of the barriers to social work participation would be when service users are viewed in a stereotypical way, by the social worker. Every individual has a unique perspective of the world, and as such should be treated as an individual regardless of illness, colour or belief system. It is important that those in need of help and guidance be given access to it, and that the best possible outcome for the service user, is secured. This should be done with the help and support of all those involved, including health care professionals, social workers and the service users themselves, in order to enable individuals to become more independent and re-integrated back into society. References Jones, P., (2003). Introducing Social Theory. Polity, London. Gidens, A., (2006). Sociology , 5th Edition, Polity Levinson,   D.,   (2002). Encyclopedia of crime and punishment, Volume 1, SAGE Cunningham, J., Cunningham, S., (2008) Sociology and Social Work. Learning Matters. Dominelli, L. (2002). Anti-oppressive social work theory and practice. Palgrave MacMillan. Fernando, S. (2002). Mental Health Race and Culture. Palgrave. Rogers, A. and Pilgrim, D. (2003). Mental Health and Inequality. Palgrave. Macionis, J. J., Plummer, K., (2008). Sociology: A Global Introduction. Pearson. Haralambos, M., Holborn, M., (2008). Sociology: themes and perspectives. Collins. Llewellyn, A., Agu, L., Mercer, D., (2008). Sociology for Social Workers. Polity. Allen, L. R., (2001). The concept of self: a study of black identity and self-esteem.Wayne State University Press, http://www.mind.org.uk/help/people_groups_and_communities/statistics_3_race_culture_and_mental_health  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (Accesed:28/12/09) http://www.mentalhealth.org.uk/information/mental-health-a-z/black-minority-ethnic-communities/#Afro_Carib   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (Accessed: 16/12/09)

Why does Economic Dependence on Product Exports in Underdeveloped Count

The landlocked country of Burkina Faso ranks 183 out of 187 countries in the 2012 Human Development Index, indicating that the quality of life in the African country is tremendously low (World Bank). Despite the United States having contributed $520 million to the underdeveloped country in recent years in an act of humanitarianism; Burkina Faso is still economically unstable, forcing them to heavily depend on their most profitable industries (Kerry). Gold mining is currently a source of income that the country is greatly relying on. In order to grow financially, gold mine managers have resorted to trafficking children for the worst forms of labor, driving them out of their schools and away from their families. Economic dependence on product exports in the underdeveloped country of Burkina Faso leads to child labor because perilous conditions must be endured, low wages must be paid, and workers must be willing to labor. The revenue made from gold mining in Burkina Faso is mainly produced by Burkinabe children, seeing that mining is a hazardous undertaking that comes with low wages. Burkina Faso is a newcomer in the scene of gold mining, as production has more than doubled, reaching 32 tons of gold in 2012 and increasing by 41% from 2010 to 2011 (DFATD). More than 200 gold mines are spread out all through the country, most of them remote and unknown of (Price). These remote locations are difficult for organizations such as local NGOs, UN Gift, and Interpol to track down, making the chances of arresting a trafficker quite slim. Children are brought to these mining sites, because the conditions there are very difficult to work in. Employers make their workforce work 14 hours a day, 6-7 days a week. Workers only receive room and boar... ...ks/2013/03/206636.htm>. Price, Larry C. "Burkina Faso: Childhoods Lost in the Gold Mines." Pulitzer Center. Pulitzer Center, 28 Apr. 2013. Web. 15 Mar. 2014. . Price, Larry C. "Children in Burkina Faso Take on Dirty, Dangerous Work of Digging Up Gold." PBS. PBS, 10 July 2013. Web. 15 Mar. 2014. . Sollinger, Marc. "Children Mining for Gold in Burkina Faso." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 15 Mar. 2014. . Van De Glind, Hans. "Migration and Child Labour." UN GIFT HUB. UNODC, Sept. 2010. Web. 15 Mar. 2014. .

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A musician is an individual who writes down or conducts music as an occupation. In addiction, a musician can be described as an artist who plays a musical tool as a vocation. Musicians can be categorized through their functions during performing or producing music.For instance, a singer or a vocalist makes use of her/his own voice as a tool, an instrumentalist occupies himself/herself with a musical tool, a recording musician produces a documented music, like MP3 folders and CDs, a conductor guides a musical group while a songwriter, composer and an arranger produces songs, melodic pieces of music as well as arrangements which are able to be transcribed into music notation, documented or performed. (Pitts 19)In ancient time, being a musician was assigned to individuals who learned music for a number of years. Once they had perfected their tool, supposition as well as comprehended the music notions, they would labor through commission as musicians.For instance, within Western music th is would be accomplished through working for places of worship, courts as well as off a commission from individuals who desired to hire a musician to produce or for concert. Starting the mid 1800s, the thought of being a musician was not focused to these specific regions of composition and presentation.Musicians started to grow to be more self-reliant with concerts on diverse stages as well as more independence to work as writers, artists as well as entertainers in their own manner. Nowadays, music has developed into numerous vocation fields, all of which include an amalgamation of compositions, concerts, working and recording in diverse music areas, either via other units or as an autonomous artist.For this to be achieved in today’s time, the musician has to be passionate. The following description shows what it means to be passionately engrossed in something, activity of a musician as well as how a musician is different from somebody who simply enjoys listening to music. (P itts 20)Musicians require to have the drive and passion to devote a large fraction of their lives to doing practice, taking part in shows as well as doing promotions. A musician’s passion is his/her music. It takes an individual endurance, talent as well as practice to become passionately involved in music.A musician differs from a person who merely listens to music in that a musician has a passion for his music, is dedicated and knows the message he wants to sent to his/her audience whereas the listener does not have such dedication not to forget that most listeners simply listen to the music without familiarizing themselves with the composer’s message. Essentially, most listeners simply enjoy the beats/tunes whereas the musician enjoys both the tunes as well as his /her choice of words. (Pitts 34)Being a musician takes more than just enthusiasm and beginning to play an instrument. Being acquainted with what is entailed to turn out to be a competent musician can aid a n individual to work in this profession as a complete vocation, whilst letting an individual to move toward being a musician in the right manner.An individual who has the musical abilities essential to play one or more tools might have the yearning to grow to be a professional musician or toil within an associated field. The following are the activities professional musician engages in an effort to achieve his /her objective and as a result make a contented living. (Pitts 34)One of the most vital issues to think about when going into whichever musical field is for the musician to find out if there is a necessity for the service that he is offering. Whatever the musician tries has to be profitable in order to make earnings. The musician performs by offering entertainment, and is given cash in exchange for his/her services. He/she turns out to be successful through performing regulary. (Pitts 62)The musician’s market comprises a grouping of citizens, or organization that needs the particular service i.e. music. Therefore, one of the activities of the musician is to market that product i.e. his music by merely getting it ready and making it accessible to the customer.For instance, a rock and roll association requires rock gangs whereas a Las Vegas band requires members who produce to have style. Essentially, the musician should be determined to accomplish what it takes to entertain his customer’s and be a success.

Emily Dickinson – Theme of Love

Introduction Emily Dickinson’s poetry is classified by editors as poems about nature, love, death, religion and others. Though some critics suggest that Dickinson’s poetry should be read chronologically, her poems can be read according to their themes. Since she was the daughter of a preacher her poems are often about God and Christianity, and in some of her love poems it is not certain if she is expressing her love for an actual lover or her spirituality.However, at one point of her life the poet stopped going to church and started satirizing Christian beliefs. Also, Dickinson isolated herself and emphasized her isolation by dressing in white. Her seclusion is present as a motif in some love poems. The death of her father, and nephew, led to an absolute seclusion and these deaths were probably the reason for the darker tone in her later poetry.Biographers have tried to find the source of this passion and intensity that is found in Emily Dickinson’s poems but the re is an enigma when it comes to her love life. They have wondered when and how she encounterd these lovers, was the love reciprocated and how strong the feelings were. Dickinson seemed to have several passionate relationships but it is a fact that she remained unmarried. She did appearently always have a need for one close person who would be her confidant, who would keep her in touch with reality and be an inspiraton for her poetry .In Emily Dickinson’s poetry love can cause an exilirating rush of passion, or leave her with a hollow sense of deprivation, sometimes she questions love, touches various subject matters such as the position of a woman in a man’s world, and, for a woman who did not experience the world to its fullest, she wrote with surprising perception and emotion love poetry which left a mark in the history of literature. I decided to analyse some poems in which Emily Dickinson wrote about love from these different stranding points. My Life had stood â €“ a Loaded Gun† A patriarchal society, such as the one Emily Dickinson lived in, had very controlled social norms and rules. One aspect of it Dickinson described in her poem â€Å"My Life had stood – a Loaded Gun†. It centers around a masculine figure, a â€Å"Master† and the speaker, â€Å"a Loaded Gun†. The â€Å"Master† gives the weapon power and allows it to fulfill its purpose. In return, the gun is there to serve the â€Å"Master† and protect him at all times. Undoubtedly, this poem depicts a relationship between an authoritative and a submissive person.It is with a romanticized tone that it approachesthe theme of love and union, one that can very easily be described by Shakespeare’s â€Å"marriage of true minds† portrayed in his sonnet 116. However, the last stanza of this poem brings this romantic side of it into question. Critics claim that the whole poem is a delusion of the lyrical I, merely a self assuran ce that it is through a union of power that the master and the servant can be brought to their full potential. â€Å"Though I than He – may longer liveHe longer must – than I – For I have but the power to kill, Without–the power to die—â€Å" However, with these lines the poet seems to realize that a life through servitude does not bring one fulfillment, but only the illusion of it. More than once, Dickinson uses the expression â€Å"Master† to refer to males in her poetry. This can be taken as the way of her time and place, 19th century America along with the rest of the world, where men were still thought of as superior and the beholders of all power.With thisin mind, it is no surprise that the object of this poem, the gun, is simply taken up by a hunter, and thus bound to him forever. The image of love depicted in the poem, in which the sole purpose of the female – the gun is to serve her lover, seems to be a childish fantasy of submissive love. The lyrical I’s need to keep safe her master’s head during his sleep shows a prototypical image of a woman whose only aim is to wrap her man in a comfortable cocoon of pleasure, while she neglects her own needs to satisfy him.Furthermore, the woman in this poem is objectified even more than just being rendered through an inanimate object. This can be seen in the third and fourth lines of the second stanza, where the poetess describes how it is to be speaking â€Å"for Him†. The irony is subtle here, and very well masked, for the delightful sentiment that emerges throughout the whole poem, especially stanza number four, is strong enough to keep in shadow the less eminent features. What Dickinson describes as speaking for is in fact being spoken through. As the hunter directs the firearm and shoots at what he likes, so s the woman in a patriarchal setting controlled, in order to be of the most service to the man. In circumstances, the very identit y of a woman is to be submerged to the male requirement, and Dickinson manages to incorporate it into her lyric so exceptionally well that the criticism is masked by brilliant characterization. Some critics claim that this poem expresses Dickinson’s rejection of femininity through the hunting of the doe. The female deer stands for all that is womanly, in contrast with the male hunter and the gun that has discarded its gender.The question of homosexuality has been studied in this context, but it is perhaps the rejection of female traits for the reason that a life of submission to a dominant animalistic hunter is valued to be nobler than the embracing of one’s true self. Last, but not least, this poem can also represent the idea of a woman as a poet, one that possesses knowledge and power which make her destructive. Critic Adrienne Rich believes that creation by a woman is aggression, and that it is both â€Å"the power to kill† as well as being punishable. The un ion of gun with the hunter embodies the danger of identifying and taking hold of [the woman’s] forces, not least that in so doing she risks defining herself – and being defined – as aggressive, is unwomanly (â€Å"and now we hunt the Doe†), and is potentially lethal. † (Rich) She continues that this poem is about the female artist of the 19th century, especially as the poet, unlike a novelist, is much closer to their subject. â€Å"Poetry is too much rooted in the unconscious it presses too close against the barriers of repression; and the nineteenth-century woman had much to repress. (Rich) â€Å"She rose to His Requirement – dropt† As a writer who was not only conscious of her time, but also very active in social critique through her poetry, it is no surprise that Emily Dickinson wrote about the institution of marriage, which practically defined a woman’s life. â€Å"She rose to His Requirement – dropt† is a poe m depicting the idea of a Victorian marriage in which it is the wife’s sole purpose in life to satisfy her husband, with her own needs coming last. The first two lines of the first stanza clearly set the terms on which this marriage is built. She rose to His Requirement – dropt The Playthings of Her Life† The role of the man is very well represented by the capitalization on the word â€Å"His†. This can not only be interpreted as respect for the husband, but it can be related to the poem mentioned earlier â€Å"My Life had stood – a Loaded Gun† where the lyrical I relates to her lover as â€Å"Master†. This image of a husband as an omnipotent pillar of power transcends the worldly abilities of men, and turns into a God of the household and it is to the needs and wishes of this Lord that a wife needs to â€Å"rise†.The position of women is especially shown through the phrase â€Å"—dropt The Playthings of Her Life†. Not only is a woman expected to spend her life in marriage through servitude, but she is to be rid of all that gives her pleasure. Perhaps this poem can be interpreted as Dickinson’s fear of commitment, her being frightened of losing her own â€Å"Plaything† – her poetry. â€Å"In considering the opposition of â€Å"Requirement† and â€Å"Playthings† (mature duty versus childish frivolity), we would do well to remember how important play was to Dickinson. For Dickinson the poet, the play of language and imagination was primary.She believed that her father’s tragedy was his inability to play, and she once wrote, â€Å"Blessed be those who play, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. † Something in her recoiled from adult womanhood and made her wish she could remain a child. In a famous letter to her friend Susan Huntington Gilbert Dickinson (who later married Emily’s brother, William Austin), she anticipated with a mixture of fa scination and dread the prospect of being consumed by the blazing sun of a husband’s demands. Certainly, she had ample opportunity to observe in her parents’ marriage a union in which the man’s requirements dominated. (Leiter 173) In the second stanza of the poem Dickinson tells, ironically, what exactly the taking on of â€Å"honorable work† costs a wife. Not only does she sacrifice her pleasure, but also any chance of greatness – â€Å"Amplitude†, the sensation of fulfillment – â€Å"Awe† and finally, she sacrifices her â€Å"Gold† which represents her youth and her potential which are now spent from being used for Him. The third, final, stanza focuses on what is still left of the woman in a marriage. Her true self – her thoughts and opinions remain unmentioned, uncared for by the husband.Dickinson uses the sea to illustrate her point. The ideas and beliefs of a wife are not only hidden deep within the unexplore d sea, but they are also mixed, covered with weeds. A man caching a clam must first go through the barrier, in this case society’s limitation of a woman’s freedom, in order to get to the treasure that is inside – the pearl. Finally, the last two lines of the third stanza demonstrate the lonesome position of a constrained woman. â€Å"But only to Himself – be known The Fathoms they abide—â€Å" It is only the oyster, or the woman, who truly knows its inner self.Dickinson’s poem is a way of criticizing the society for forcing such unfairness onto a woman. She, however, chose a different way of life. Foregoing the possible joys of marriage, Emily Dickinson chose to pursue â€Å"the poetic calling that enabled her to set her own â€Å"Requirement† and to retain her â€Å"Playthings† as essential tools of her art. † (Leiter 174) â€Å"If you were coming in the fall. † This is a love poem in which Dickinson writes abo ut her loved one who is away from her. The distance between her and her lover is not an obstacle for her feelings, and she is yearning to meet with him.She refers to herself as a housewife in the first stanza, as a woman waiting for a man. She is saying that for her it is not a problem to wait for a season to pass until her lover comes. She would simply chase the summer away like a fly and she would do it with â€Å"a smile and a spurn† (bartleby. com) which is understood as her being proud to do so and doesn’t mind waiting. A season becomes a year in the second stanza. However, even this is not a problem for she will simply â€Å"wind the months in balls and put them each in separate drawers† (bartleby. om) and make it easier for her to bare the length of time and just wait until it is time for them to meet. She makes it easier for herself to wait for this moment, by diminishing a year into months. A year turns into centuries in the third stanza. Her lover is o nly lingering, but she believes he will certanly come. In the fourth stanza, time is not limited anymore but becomes eternity, meaning that she will wait for her lover forever. She implyes that she doesn’t mind dying and casting her life away if it means being with him in the end. She would toss away her life â€Å"like a rind,†(bartleby. com) as something that is not important.While the first four stanzas start with â€Å"If† which implies something hypothetical and something that is only a possibility the final stanza begins with â€Å"But now,† which is a return to reality and the poet is not sure how long she must wait for her lover now. Furthermore, she is not sure if they will meet at all, or is he even coming. Time is annoying her like a â€Å"goblin bee† (bartleby. com) representing something bad, or evil. This â€Å"goblin bee† is not â€Å"stating its sting† (bartleby. com) and this unveils her uncertainty, She acutally does n’t know what the future brings. What if I say I shall not wait? This poem is about separation as well.Lovers are here apart because of others, and not their own will. The â€Å"I† of this poem is very eager to see her lover and she will break free by forse if needed from those who are keeping her away from him. It seems as if she is threatening to escape and asking her lover what will happen if she manages to escape and come to him. She writes that she will break down the gates that are confining her, flee away from the guard and set herself free to come to her loved one. Further she conveys that now that they are together no one can separate them anymore. The guard may call her and the guns may beg her to come back but she will not.Everything else is meaningless and unimportant now that they are together. Conclusion Dickinson’s love poetry is thought of as her most passionate and emotional. From her standpoint, of a socially isolated woman in a literary predom inantly man’s world, we are able to read, analyse and enjoy her fascinating metaphors and views on marriage, love, longing, heartache and cripling loneliness. What I personally found endearing in her poems is the belief and inestructible hope she expresses in some poems, and the acceptance of the harsh reality which she manages to take in, resorting to eligion, spirituality an philosophy. Progressive thinking and ideas on marriage and the position of women in society and literature colour her poems about the dinamics of relationships between men and women. She did not refrain from conveying her deepest thoughts and sentiments, but also her attitude towards literary conventions and social norms and expectations. Considered as one of the greatest American poets of all time, Emily Dickinson’s legacy and views on love will always provide readers and writers with inspiration and enlightenment.